清洁的空气是确保职业安全、工艺稳定及设备可用性的基本前提。在许多工业及对环境要求严格的应用场景中，机械加工、切割、焊接、钎焊、打磨或激光切割等工序会产生各类排放物——这些排放物不仅危害员工健康，还会干扰生产流程并污染机械设备。此类排放物包括粉尘、烟雾、气溶胶、蒸汽、气体及异味。因此，关键不仅在于对空气进行过滤，更在于过滤的实施位置与方式：即应尽可能在污染源头处进行处理，并针对具体工艺、材料及环境条件量身定制解决方案。

Clean air is a fundamental prerequisite for occupational safety, process stability, and equipment availability. In many industrial and sensitive applications, emissions are generated during machining, cutting, welding, soldering, grinding, or laser cutting—emissions that can harm employees, disrupt processes, and contaminate machinery. These include dust, smoke, aerosols, vapors, gases, and odors. It is therefore crucial not only that air is filtered, but also where and how: as close as possible to the source, tailored to the process, material, and environment.

在许多工艺流程中，空气中的污染物会直接进入作业区域。若未能进行有效捕集，这些污染物便会扩散至整个空间，进而进入员工的呼吸带。根据污染物的性质、粒径、浓度及接触时长，这不仅会增加健康风险，还会对职业安全、风险评估及接触控制提出更严格的要求。因此，空气过滤不仅旨在保护员工健康，还能确保工艺稳定性、维持清洁的工作环境，并防止污染物在设备、外壳及技术组件内积聚。

In many processes, airborne pollutants enter the work area directly. Without proper capture, they can spread throughout the room and enter the breathing zone of employees. Depending on the substance, particle size, concentration, and duration of exposure, this can increase health risks while simultaneously tightening requirements for occupational safety, risk assessment, and exposure control. Air filtration therefore serves not only to protect employees but also to ensure process stability, maintain a clean work environment, and prevent deposits in equipment, enclosures, and technical components.

排放物的类型取决于具体工艺及所加工的材料。焊接会产生烟尘和颗粒物；激光切割通常会产生极细及超细颗粒，并根据材料特性产生气态分解产物。软钎焊除了产生颗粒物外，还会产生气态成分。打磨、干式加工或物料输送作业可能会释放可吸入粉尘及可达肺泡区的粉尘。在敏感的医疗应用场景中，还会产生烟雾或烟羽；根据具体应用，其中可能含有化学及生物成分。因此，过滤与抽排方案的选择必须针对具体工艺进行，并不存在一种适用于所有排放情况的通用解决方案。

The type of emissions depends on the process and the material being processed. Welding produces fumes and particulate matter; laser cutting typically produces very fine and ultrafine particles, as well as gaseous decomposition products depending on the material. Soldering produces gaseous components in addition to particles. Grinding, dry processing, or transfer operations can release respirable and alveolar dust. In sensitive medical applications, smoke or a plume is additionally generated. Depending on the application, this may contain chemical and biological components. Therefore, the selection of a filtration and extraction solution should always be process-specific. There is no one-size-fits-all solution for all emissions.

应尽可能在污染物产生的源头将其捕集。这样可以从一开始就防止污染物在室内扩散，并显著减少其进入呼吸带的量。正是基于这一原则，欧美地区的职业安全标准及技术资料均将其视为降低暴露风险的关键措施。因此，在许多应用场景中，源头局部捕集的效果要优于单纯的室内全面通风；当污染物在特定点持续排放时，这一点尤为明显。捕集系统越靠近污染源，就越能有效地限制污染物在工作环境中的扩散。

Contaminants should be captured wherever possible at the point of origin. This prevents them from spreading throughout the room in the first place and significantly reduces their entry into the breathing zone. It is precisely this principle that occupational safety and technical sources in Europe and the U.S. describe as a key measure for reducing exposure. Local capture at the source is therefore more effective in many applications than simply general ventilation of the room. This is especially true when emissions occur at specific points and continuously. The closer the capture system is to the source, the better the spread in the work environment can be limited.

一般通风和辅助性室内空气治理措施固然有用，但在许多应用场景中，它们仅能起到补充作用，而无法替代源头捕集。原因很简单：如果污染物先在室内被稀释，它可能早已扩散至整个工作区域。这一点至关重要，尤其是在污染物排放量大的工艺流程中。相比之下，局部捕集能更早发挥作用，从而在污染物产生的源头降低暴露风险。

General ventilation and supplementary room air measures can be useful. In many applications, however, they are only a supplement and not a substitute for source capture. The reason is simple. If a contaminant is first diluted in the room, it may have already spread throughout the work area beforehand. This is a significant difference, especially in emission-intensive processes. Local capture acts sooner and reduces exposure where it originates.

经过过滤的工艺空气不仅能减轻员工的负担，还有助于保持工作区域清洁，防止杂质沉积在技术组件上。环境中的粉尘和烟雾减少，往往意味着清洁工作量也随之降低。此外，这种方式还能更好地保护设备外壳、表面及敏感组件。这一点在集成系统、电子制造以及对环境要求严格的生产车间中尤为重要；在这些场景下，空气质量往往直接影响着系统的稳定性、清洁度以及维护需求。

Filtered process air not only reduces the burden on employees. It can also help keep work areas cleaner and protect technical components from deposits. Less dust and smoke in the environment often means less cleaning effort. Enclosures, surfaces, and sensitive components can also be better protected this way. This is particularly relevant in integrated systems, in electronics manufacturing, and in sensitive production environments. There, air quality often has a direct impact on stability, cleanliness, and maintenance requirements.

空气过滤能够：

• 有效从源头捕获排放物，

• 保护员工，

• 保持工作环境清洁，

• 并维持工艺流程的稳定性。

Air filtration

• helps effectively capture emissions at the source,

• protect employees,

• keep work environments clean,

• and maintain stable processes.

具体的法律规定取决于所在国家、涉及的物质以及具体工艺流程。在欧盟范围内，关于化学试剂的第 98/24/EC 号指令以及关于致癌、致突变或具有生殖毒性物质的第 2004/37/EC 号指令等，构成了重要的法规基础。这些指令在各国层面予以实施，并辅以各国特有的要求、指导方针及限值规定。

在德国，TRGS（危险物质技术规则）和工作场所限值等规定尤为重要。其中，TRGS 900 规定了通用粉尘限值：可吸入性粉尘为 1.25 mg/m³，吸入性粉尘为 10 mg/m³。TRGS 528 则针对焊接作业提出了相关要求。上述法规在德国全国范围内适用。

The specific legal situation depends on the country, the substance, and the process. Within the EU, Directive 98/24/EC on chemical agents and Directive 2004/37/EC on carcinogenic, mutagenic, or reprotoxic substances, among others, form important foundations. They are implemented at the national level and supplemented by country-specific requirements, guidelines, and limit values.

In Germany, the TRGS and workplace limit values, among others, are relevant. TRGS 900 specifies a general dust limit value of 1.25 mg/m³ for respirable dust and 10 mg/m³ for inhalable dust. TRGS 528 describes requirements for welding operations. These regulations apply nationally in Germany.

这个问题没有统一的标准答案。净化后的空气能否循环回室内，始终取决于具体的应用场景。相关考量因素包括物料特性、潜在气体成分、危害风险以及国家相关法规要求。此外，过滤系统的配置、实际工艺控制以及所需的合规文件记录也起着至关重要的作用。

在某些应用中，空气循环利用在技术和法规层面均是可行的；而在另一些情况下，排风方案则是更安全或强制要求的选择。因此，在做决定时绝不能孤立地考量，风险评估与适用的国家法规始终是决定性因素。

There is no one-size-fits-all answer to this question. Whether purified air can be recirculated into the room always depends on the specific application. Relevant factors include material properties, potential gas content, the hazard potential, and nationally applicable requirements. The filter configuration, the actual process control, and the required documentation also play an important role.

In some applications, recirculation is technically and regulatory feasible. In other cases, exhaust air is the safer or mandated solution. Therefore, this decision should never be made in isolation. The risk assessment and the applicable national regulations are always decisive.

合适的解决方案并非仅由过滤器等级决定，而是取决于应用场景、材料特性、捕集条件及操作要求之间的综合考量。关键考量因素包括：

• 会产生何种排放物

• 颗粒的细度如何

• 是否含有气态成分

• 需要多大的风量

• 如何将该解决方案集成到现有工艺流程中

此外，还需考虑维护、废弃物处理、噪音水平及安装位置等方面的要求。系统是采用移动式、集成式、模块化设计，还是适用于敏感环境，往往也是决定性因素。当需求发生变化或不断增长时，模块化设计尤为适宜；这种设计能让解决方案更精准地匹配特定工艺，并可根据需要进行灵活调整。

The right solution is not determined by a filter class alone. The decisive factor is the interplay of application, material, capture conditions, and operational requirements. Important questions include, for example:

• What emissions are generated

• How fine are the particles

• Are there additional gaseous components

• How high must the air flow rate be

• How can the solution be integrated into the existing process

In addition, there are requirements regarding maintenance, disposal, noise levels, and installation location. The question of whether a system should be mobile, integrated, modular, or suitable for sensitive environments is also often decisive. A modular design makes particular sense when requirements change or grow. This allows the solution to be better tailored to the specific process and adapted as needed.