上海爱泽工业设备有限公司
第4年
当前位置：阿仪网 > 上海爱泽工业设备有限公司 > 新闻动态 > 工业维修常备：垫片制作工具和切割方法整理（中英文）
发布时间：2026/8/26 8:36:19关注度：108
垫片切割机是一种专用工具，用于从橡胶、软木、纸张、纤维或聚四氟乙烯（Teflon）等软质密封材料上切割出形状均匀、精确的部件，例如圆环、圆形或定制法兰。
常见类型
• 延长杆/圆规式：配有中心定位销和带有刀片的可调节滑动臂；操作时像使用圆规一样手动旋转，即可精准切割出所需的内外圆直径。
• 空心冲孔套装：由可更换的金属冲头和手柄组成，用于冲切出边缘整齐的圆形螺栓孔或小型垫圈。
• 旋转式：台式设备，配备手摇柄或电动机，可快速进料并切割材料；非常适合大批量生产或处理较坚韧的非金属板材。
操作步骤
• 测量管道法兰或部件所需的内径（I.D.）和外径（O.D.）。
• 将切割器的中心枢轴点固定在铺于保护板上的垫片材料板材上。
• 绕中心销旋转刀臂，刻划出外圆和内圆，随后冲切出必要的螺栓孔。
A gasket cutter is a specialized tool used to cut uniform, precise shapes—such as rings, circles, or custom flanges—out of soft sealing materials like rubber, cork, paper, fiber, or Teflon.
Common Types
• Extension/Compass-Style: Features a central pivot pin and an adjustable sliding arm with a blade; you rotate it manually like a compass to score and cut exact inside and outside circle diameters.
• Hollow Punch Sets: Consists of interchangeable metal punches and a handle used to stamp out clean, round bolt holes or small washers.
• Rotary-Style: Bench-mounted machines with hand-cranks or electric motors that feed and slice material rapidly, great for high-volume or tougher non-metallic sheets
.
How It Works
• Measure the required inner diameter (I.D.) and outer diameter (O.D.) of the pipe flange or part.
• Pin the center pivot point of the cutter into the gasket material sheet laid over a protective board.
• Score the outer and inner circles by rotating the blade arm around the center pin, then punch out any necessary bolt holes.
制作垫片的基本工具包括：用于冲切规整螺栓孔的空心冲头套装（如 Lang 垫片打孔套装）；用于精确切割内外环直径的延伸式或圆规式垫片切割器（如 Allpax 垫片切割套件）；用于切割外轮廓的锋利美工刀或手工刀；以及自愈合切割垫。
切割与划线工具
• 美工刀/多用途刀：用于徒手切割外轮廓及各种定制形状。
• 航空剪或普通剪刀：用于修剪软质薄片材料（如软木、橡胶或纸张）。
• 转移冲头与圆头锤：用于对准现有的螺栓孔，并轻敲垫片材料，从而精确标记孔中心位置。
圆孔及圆形垫片冲切工具
• 空心冲头套装：包含可更换的淬硬钢冲管，配合锤击使用，可冲切出边缘整齐的内部螺栓孔。
• 伸缩式垫片切割器：配有黄铜刀块及可滑动金属伸缩杆，绕中心枢轴销旋转，用于切割大型圆形垫片及法兰垫片。
• 旋转式垫片切割器：台式或手摇式旋转工具，专为高精度、重复切割环形垫片及法兰垫片而设计。
表面处理与准备工具
• 自愈合切割板：保护工作台面，防止刀刃跑偏或边缘撕裂。
• 尺与卡尺：用于测量法兰内/外径及精确传递尺寸。
Essential gasket-making tools include hollow punch sets (like the Lang Gasket Hole Punch Set) for clean bolt holes, extension or circle gasket cutters (like Allpax Gasket Cutter Kits) for precise inner and outer ring diameters, a sharp hobby knife or utility razor for outer profiles, and a self-healing cutting mat.
Cutting and Tracing Tools
• Hobby / Utility Knives: Used for freehand cutting of outer perimeters and custom shapes.
• Aviation Snips or Scissors: Used for trimming soft, thin sheet materials like cork, rubber, or paper.
• Transfer Punches & Ball-Peen Hammer: Used to align with existing bolt holes and lightly tap the gasket material to mark precise hole centers.
Hole and Circle Punches
• Hollow Punch Sets: Interchangeable hardened steel tubes driven with a hammer to punch out clean interior bolt holes.
• Extension Gasket Cutters: Brass cutter blocks on sliding metal extension bars that rotate around a center pivot pin to cut large circular and flange gaskets.
• Rotary Gasket Cutters: Benchtop or hand-crank rotary tools designed for high-precision, repetitive cutting of ring and flange gaskets.
Surface & Prep Supplies
• Self-Healing Cutting Board: Protects work surfaces and prevents blade drift or edge tearing.
• Ruler and Calipers: For measuring flange inner/outer diameters and transferring exact dimensions.
若需手工切割橡胶垫片，请使用银色记号笔或粉笔将模板或部件轮廓描绘在橡胶板上。先在垫木上使用空心冲子套装和锤子冲出螺栓孔，随后用锋利的美工刀或重型剪刀沿内外轮廓线进行切割。
准备与描绘
• 将旧垫片或配合部件平放在橡胶板上。
• 使用银色笔、白色粉笔或细头记号笔描绘内外轮廓线。
• 如有需要，可在部件的螺栓孔处涂抹少量润滑脂或墨水，以便将精确的孔中心位置印记在橡胶上。
先切割孔洞
• 务必在修整外边缘之前先切割内部的螺栓孔。
• 在橡胶下方垫一块废木料。
• 将尺寸合适的空心冲子对准标记中心，用锤子用力敲击。
切割形状
• 进行长直线切割时，请配合金属直尺使用崭新锋利的美工刀或手术刀。
• 施加缓慢且受控的压力；切勿试图一次用力切穿厚橡胶。
• 切割薄橡胶的外圆弧或曲线时，请使用重型厨房剪刀或锋利的剪刀。
To cut a rubber gasket by hand, trace your template or part onto the rubber sheet using a silver sharpie or chalk. Punch out bolt holes first using a hollow punch set and a hammer over a wood block, then cut the inner and outer lines using a sharp utility knife or heavy shears.
Preparation and Tracing
• Lay your old gasket or mating part flat on the rubber sheet.
• Trace the outer and inner borders using a silver pen, white chalk, or a fine marker.
• Smear a tiny bit of grease or ink on component bolt holes to stamp exact hole centers onto the rubber if needed.
Cutting Holes First
• Always cut internal bolt holes before trimming the outer edge.
• Place a scrap block of wood under the rubber.
• Center a appropriately sized hollow wad punch over your marks and strike it firmly with a hammer.
Cutting the Shape
• Use a fresh, sharp utility knife or scalpel with a metal straightedge for long straight cuts.
• Apply slow, controlled pressure; do not try to slice through thick rubber in a single heavy pass.
• Use heavy-duty kitchen shears or sharp scissors for thin rubber outer radiuses and curves.
垫片的三种主要类型包括：非金属（软质）垫片、金属垫片和复合（半金属）垫片。这些分类是根据用于构建密封件的材料而划分的，以适应不同的工业和机械应用需求。
非金属垫片
• 材料：由橡胶、氯丁橡胶、聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）、软木或压缩无石棉纤维等柔软、柔韧的材料制成。
• 用途：最适合中低压及较低温度的工况。
• 常见应用：用于家用管道、轻型管道系统及一般化工管线。
金属垫片
• 材料：由软铁、低碳钢或不锈钢等实心金属制成（通常加工成环形垫片/Ring Joint 形式）。
• 用途：专为承受极端高温和极高压力而设计。
• 常见应用：用于重工业系统、油气管道及高压压力容器。
复合垫片
• 材料：结合了金属和软质非金属材料，例如带有石墨或 PTFE 填充物的金属缠绕垫片（由金属带缠绕而成）。
• 用途：兼具金属提供的结构强度与软质填充材料提供的严密密封性能，适用于广泛的压力范围。
• 常见应用：广泛用于工业管道法兰、锅炉及热交换器。
The three main types of gaskets are non-metallic (soft), metallic, and composite (semi-metallic). These classifications are based on the materials used to construct the seal for different industrial and mechanical applications.
Non-Metallic Gaskets
• Materials: Made from soft, flexible substances like rubber, neoprene, PTFE, cork, or compressed non-asbestos fiber.
• Usage: Best for low-to-medium pressure and lower temperature applications.
• Common areas: Found in household plumbing, light-duty piping, and general chemical lines.
Metallic Gaskets
• Materials: Made from solid metals such as soft iron, low carbon steel, or stainless steel (often shaped as ring joints).
• Usage: Built to handle extreme heat and very high pressure.
• Common areas: Used in heavy industrial systems, oil and gas piping, and high-pressure pressure vessels.
Composite Gaskets
• Materials: Combine both metal and soft non-metallic materials, such as spiral-wound metal strips with graphite or PTFE fillers.
• Usage: Offer a mix of structural strength from the metal and tight sealing from the soft filler across a wide range of pressures.
• Common areas: Widely used in industrial pipe flanges, boilers, and heat exchangers.
-END-
爱泽工业专注对全球高端工业产品的研究及市场应用
为中国制造提供更多权威有效的工业产品及行业讯息
欢迎大家私信感兴趣的内容
或者将您在工业领域遇到的问题留言在下方
我们很乐意为您解答
-文章转载自网络，由爱泽工业翻译，如有侵权，请联系删除！
-如有偏颇，欢迎指正！
相关信息
推荐产品
在线咨询5分钟应答
